资源科学

资源科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 119-125.doi: 10.18402/resci.2016.01.13

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基于资源产出率指标分解的企业循环经济研究——以钢铁行业为例

张娟1(), 郑一1(), 王学军2, 吴鑫1, 田勇3   

  1. 1. 北京大学工学院,北京 100871
    2. 北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871
    3. 南方科技大学,深圳 518055
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-06 修回日期:2015-10-08 出版日期:2016-01-25 发布日期:2016-01-25
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：张娟,女,甘肃临洮人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为环境科学与管理。E-mail：zhangjuan@pku.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：国家科技支撑计划课题（2012BAC03B02）

Circular-economic development of individual Chinese iron and steel companies by decomposing resource productivities indictors

ZHANG Juan1(), ZHENG Yi1(), WANG Xuejun2, WU Xin1, TIAN Yong3   

  1. 1. College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    3. South University of Science and Technology of China,Shenzhen 518055,China
  • Received:2015-05-06 Revised:2015-10-08 Online:2016-01-25 Published:2016-01-25

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摘要：

资源产出率是衡量循环经济发展水平的关键指标。本文提出一种指标分解的思路,将资源产出率分解成体现企业运营管理水平的“软实力”指标和体现循环经济技术水平的“硬实力”指标。将该思路用于资源密集型的钢铁行业,对太钢、宝钢和首钢等代表性企业进行了资源产出率的实证分析,揭示了钢铁企业资源产出率的变化特征及影响因素。研究表明,2005-2012年间,钢铁企业的资源产出率存在显著波动。对于钢铁行业整体,能源产出率和水资源产出率主要由“硬实力”决定,并且受宏观经济因素的显著影响;而铁矿石产出率主要由“软实力”决定。在个体企业层面,三家企业的各项资源产出率主要由其循环经济“软实力”决定,其中宝钢和首钢的“软实力”受宏观经济因素的显著影响,而太钢的“软实力”则更多的由企业自身因素决定。本研究所提出的方法及所获得的结果对于钢铁及其他资源高消耗行业的循环经济发展实践具有参考价值。

关键词: 循环经济, 资源产出率, 钢铁行业, 指标分解, 能源产出率, 水资源产出率

Abstract:

Resource productivities are key indices for measuring the performance of circular-economic practice and development. This study proposes an approach to decompose a resource productivity indicator into two sub-indicators：a ‘soft-power’ sub-indicator to reflect product structure,capital management and marketing performance of companies,and a ‘hard-power’ sub-indicator to reflect the circular economic technological and equipment levels of companies. This decomposition approach was applied to the resource-intensive steel and iron industry in China using three representative companies as case studies to help reveal the factors impacting company resource productivities. We found that during 2005 to 2012,the three selected companies demonstrated significant variation in resource productivities with development of the economy and technology in China. For the entire steel and iron industry,energy resource productivities and water resource productivities were controlled by the hard-power of industry and highly impacted by macroeconomic conditions. Iron ore productivity was mostly determined by soft-power,because the consumption of iron ore to produce per ton crude steel was mostly unchanged. For the three companies,their resource productivities were mainly determined by their soft-power. The soft-power of Baosteel and ShouGang Group was largely impacted by macroeconomic conditions such as raw material price and market demand. The soft-power of TISCO was determined by management performance,such as product structure,marketing management,staff education and training. Overall,the results of this study and the approach proposed will provide valuable information for circular-economic practice in the steel and iron industry of China and other resource-intensive industries.

Key words: circular economy, resource productivity, steel, iron, indicator decomposition, energy productivity, water resource productivity