资源科学

资源科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 102-109.doi: 10.18402/resci.2016.01.11

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工业用水库兹涅茨曲线分析

张兵兵1(), 沈满洪2,3()   

  1. 1. 浙江大学经济学院,杭州 310027
    2. 宁波大学商学院,宁波 315211
    3. 浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地-浙江省生态文明研究中心,杭州 310018
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-12 修回日期:2015-10-20 出版日期:2016-01-25 发布日期:2016-01-25
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：张兵兵,女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,博士生,主要研究方向为资源经济学。E-mail：zhangbingbing0226@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：国家社科基金重点项目：“我国工业节水战略研究”（ 12AJY003）

Analysis of the industrial water Kuznets curve

ZHANG Bingbing1(), SHEN Manhong2,3()   

  1. 1. School of Economics Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China
    2. Business School of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China
    3. Key Research Institute of Philosophy and Social Science of Zhejiang Province-Center for Ecological Civilization of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310018,China
  • Received:2014-10-12 Revised:2015-10-20 Online:2016-01-25 Published:2016-01-25

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摘要：

水资源稀缺是21世纪社会经济增长乃至人类生存所面临的重大挑战之一,探索工业水资源利用情况是进一步研究工业水资源节约利用的基础。基于2000-2013年中国31个省份的面板数据,在单位根检验以及协整检验的基础上,对全国以及东、中、西部地区工业水资源利用与工业经济增长之间的关系进行实证检验,结果显示：东部地区二者关系曲线呈现为倒“U”型,且拐点出现在人均工业增加值28 612.150元/人时;中部地区二者关系曲线呈现为“N”型,且拐点分别出现在人均工业增加值15 546.048元/人和35 733.952元/人时;而全国和西部地区二者近似地满足单调递增的关系。经分析,技术创新、结构调整是使工业用水倒“U”型库兹涅茨曲线拐点出现的技术层面的原因,水价提升、水权交易则是其经济激励措施。最后提出应积极进行技术创新、推进产业结构调整以及工业内部行业结构调整,同时适当提升工业用水价格、完善水权交易制度以最终实现工业水资源节约等政策建议。

关键词: 工业用水, 库兹涅茨曲线, 面板单位根, 面板协整

Abstract:

Water scarcity is a major challenge during economic development and even for human survival in the 21st century. Under pressure to implement total water consumption controls in China,we should pay attention to industrial water saving because of its great water saving potential. Based on panel data for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2013,qualified through the unit root test and co-integration test,we tested the relationship between industrial water usage and industrial economic growth for China overall and eastern,central and western China. We found that the relationship curve between industrial water usage and industrial economic growth of eastern China is an inverted U type Kuznets curve,with a turning point at 28 612.15 CNY per capita in industrial output. The relationship between industrial water usage and the industrial economic growth curve of central China is an N type Kuznets curve,with a turning point at 15 546.048 and 35 733.952 CNY per capita in industrial output. However,the curves for industrial water usage and industrial economic growth for China overall and western China are monotone increasing curves. Through further analysis,we found that technological innovation and structural upgrades are reasons for the turning point of the inverted U type Kuznets curve; while water price increases and water rights trading systems are economic incentive reasons. In order to save water resources,China should be positive about technological innovation,promote industrial upgrades,increase industrial water prices and implement a water rights trading system.

Key words: industrial water usage, Kuznets curve, panel unit root test, co-integration test